Federal Public Service Commission

General Science & Ability

Competitive Examination-2025

PART-I (MCQs)
1. In astronomy, the terms ‘Blue dwarfs’ and ‘Red giants’ respectively refer to:
(A) Moons of Jupiter | (B) Young star and Old star | (C) Old star and Young star | (D) None of these
2. Most major Tsunamis are produced by earthquakes with hypocenters (focal depth) less than:
(A) 30 km | (B) 40 km | (C) 50 km | (D) None of these
3. Which of the following sources of energy is caused by the uneven heating of the earth’s surface?
(A) Wind | (B) Solar | (C) Biomass | (D) None of these
4. Global winds that blow towards a western direction (from the east) are known as:
(A) Trade winds | (B) Western winds | (C) Reynolds wind | (D) None of these
5. Perinatal transmission is said to occur when a pathogen is transmitted from:
(A) Non-human to human | (B) Infected to uninfected | (C) Mother to infant | (D) None of these
6. Which plant group is known as the "amphibians of the plant kingdom" because they need both land and water to complete their life cycle?
(A) Bryophyta | (B) Tracheophyta | (C) Thallophyta | (D) None of these
7. The maximum amount of carbohydrates in a healthy diet is obtained from:
(A) Nuts | (B) Plant oil | (C) Whole grain food | (D) None of these
8. Which of the following animal classes contains the largest number of species?
(A) Fishes | (B) Insects | (C) Mammals | (D) None of these
9. The process of preserving meat by stewing it slowly in a covered earthenware jug is called:
(A) Burial | (B) Jugging | (C) Curing | (D) None of these
10. All operating systems get their total memory initialized from the:
(A) BIOS | (B) RAM | (C) ROM | (D) CPU
11. The volume of data transmitted over a network connection in a given amount of time is called:
(A) Noise | (B) Bandwidth | (C) Frequency | (D) None of these
12. Which of the following food products can be prepared using raw guava?
(A) Jam | (B) Jelly | (C) Both (A) and (B) | (D) None of these
13. Which of the following is commonly used as a stabilizer to provide a smooth texture in ice cream?
(A) Sugar | (B) Milk | (C) Gelatin | (D) None of these
14. In fiber optic structures, light is guided through the core due to total internal:
(A) Reflection | (B) Refraction | (C) Diffraction | (D) None of these
15. Who is famously known as the "Father of Artificial Intelligence"?
(A) Charles Babbage | (B) John McCarthy | (C) Alan Turing | (D) None of these
16. Which of the following is historically considered the most common or "native" language for AI development?
(A) Java | (B) Python | (C) Lisp | (D) None of these
17. Cement factory labourers are frequently prone to which respiratory/occupational disease?
(A) Leukemia | (B) Cytosilicosis | (C) Bone marrow | (D) None of these
18. The fastest known enzyme in the human body is:
(A) Pepsin | (B) DNA polymerase | (C) Carbonic anhydrase | (D) None of these
19. The process of adding essential vitamins (like A and D) back into milk is known as:
(A) Flavoring | (B) Fortification | (C) Fermentation | (D) None of these
20. Radio waves that travel in a straight line from the transmitter to the receiver for (LOS) communication are called:
(A) Space waves | (B) Cable waves | (C) Antenna waves | (D) None of these
PART-II (Subjective) SECTION-I

Question No. 2

(A) What effects are produced due to Rotation & Revolution of Earth? Explain briefly.
(B) Describe Electromagnetic Radiations. Give its types and explain their applications.
(C) What are Hurricanes? How they are formed and what level of damage they can produce?
(D) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of nitrogen containing fertilizers and insecticides.

Question No. 3

(A) Explain how temperature and light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis in plants.
(B) Describe the structure and functions of capillaries in the human blood circulatory system.
(C) What is hepatitis? Give its types and briefly explain its common symptoms along with preventions.
(D) Differentiate between biomass and biogas. Briefly explain various methods for obtaining energy from biomass.

Question No. 4

(A) What is deforestation? State the disadvantages caused to the environment due to this.
(B) Explain how water pollution is produced? Describe the part played by bacteria after a river has been polluted by sewage.
(C) State some examples of pollution caused by human activity and discuss the effects of each example.
(D) What does air pollution means? State ten serious effects of air pollution on the environment and briefly explain how they can be reduced?

Question No. 5

(A) Differentiate between food contaminants and food adulterants.
(B) Enlist major food groups based on nutrients, their functions and sources.
(C) What is Artificial Intelligence and how does it differ from traditional programming? Describe the main branches of Artificial Intelligence.
(D) What are the advantages of optical fibers in communication system? Draw basic structure of optical fiber and explain propagation of light through it.

SECTION-II

Question No. 6

(A) In an annual sale, Saima buys a Fridge and a Freezer. The sale offers 15% off everything and she pays a total of Rs. 57,120/-. If the price of a freezer, before the sale, is Rs. 40,000/. What was the price of the Fridge before the sale?
(B) Mr. Rasheed pays a deposit of Rs. 60,000/- followed by 36 equal monthly payments. The total amount that he pays is 127% of the basic price of Rs. 3,360,000/-. Calculate Rasheed’s monthly payment.
(C) Divide Rs. 600/=among A, B and C so that Rs. 40 more than 2/5 of A’s share, Rs. 20 more than 2/7 of B’s share and Rs. 10 more than 9/17 of C’s share may be equal.
(D) Find out the correct words from the jumbled spellings given below.
(i) TEANAIRM (ii) VAGNACEXETRA (iii) VADIELTIONC
(iv) PKUNYBARTC (v) TAESROSNC

Question No. 7

(A) Calculate the marked price of the sculpture if it is sold for Rs.79950/- after a discount of 18%. On another day, if 10% discount is given on the marked price of the same sculpture before it is sold at a further discount of 8%. Would the sale price still be Rs.79950/-?
(B) Majid pays a total of Rs.51520/- for his car insurance. The total is made up of a basic charge plus 15% sales tax. Calculate the amount of sales tax that Majid pays.
(C) A camp site in the shape of a rectangle has sides (3x+6) m and (x+1) m and the length of the diagonal is (4x+1) m. Find the area and the perimeter of the camp site.
(D) Arrange the following fractions in the descending order.
(a) 7/12, 4/7, 9/14, 25/42
(b) 5/8, 7/12, 5/9, 13/24
(c) 6/35, 5/21, 2/7, 4/15
(d) 2/5, 6/11, 7/15, 9/20, 13/25
(e) 1/5, 2/7, 3/8, 4/13, 5/17

Question No. 8

(A) A train in first five successive minutes from its start runs 68m, 127m, 208m, 312m and 535m and for next 5 minutes maintains an average speed of 33km/hr. Find the whole distance covered and the average speed in covering this total distance.
(B) A solid cuboid with base 10cm by 6cm is available. The height of the cuboid is ‘y’ centimeter and the total surface area of the cuboid is given to be 376cm2. Find the height of the cuboid.
(C) In a six member family (A, B, C, D, E and F), there are two fathers, three brothers and a mother. If C is the sister of F, B is the brother of E’s husband. D is the father of A and grandfather of F. Who is E’s husband?
(D) How many prime numbers are between each of the following pairs of numbers?
a) √3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √120
b) √10 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √410 2
c) √10 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √999 3
d) √28 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √120
e) √82 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √400

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